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(No Modelf) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. S'TUMPF.

PUMP.

Patented Mar. v16, 1897.

V Q2/lenga?! L/OZ 7? @21a mr Nnnms Firms co. Muro-urna. wAsr-nmaron. o.c,

(No Model.) 3 rs11e@1r.s'-sheen 2.

J. STUMPF.

PUMP.

No. 578,950. .Y Patented Mar. 16, 1897.

NTTED STATES JOHN STUMPF, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PUlVlP.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 578,950, dated March 16,1897.

Application filed November 2, 1896. Serial No. 610,831. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN STUMPF, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Pumps, of which the followingis a specification. p

My invention relates to improvements in valveactuating means for pumps,and particularly water-raising pumps.

The pumps to which my invention is more especially applicable have, ascommonly constructed, a chamber provided with an inwardly-openinginduction-valve and an outwardly-opening eduction-valve and a piston orplunger working in and out of the chamber. It has been the more commonpractice hitherto to open and close the valves altogether by thedisplacing and evacuating actions of the main plunger, whe rebvr7 in theinitial movement of the plunger from the end of its stroke it has firstto seat and unseat the valves,which consumes time before vuseful work,that of drawing in and forcing out the water, coinmences. Furthermore,the speed of such pumps has been of necessity unduly limited for thereason that a too sudden displacing and evacuating action by the plungerat the beginning of a stroke tends to move the valve with a shock, thusnot ronly noisily, but in a manner which is unduly wearing upon thevalves. Various mechanical appliances or valve-gears have been devisedand employed to move the valves at about the time the plunger-actuatingpitman crossesthe dead-center, and while they have proved in a measuresuccessful in permitting greater speed in the operation of the plunger,the advantages they contribute are so slight as compared with theirinitial cost and the power required for their operation that they havenot come into extensive use.

In an application for Letters Patent of the United States led July 13,1896, and bearing Serial No. 598,954, Ihave shown and describedvalve-operating means in the form of an auxiliary plunger effective inthe pump-chamber and operating, while the main plunger is at oppositelimits of its traverse, to effectpening and closing movement of thevalves by its -pressure increasing and diminishing actions upon thefluid. This construction has decided advantages over the purelymechanical valve- .operating mechanisms in the matter of reducing shockand thereby permitting greater speed of operation, as well as increasingthe amount of useful work of the main plunger in each stroke.

My present object is to im prove still further in the direction ofdiminishing the shock upon the valves and waste of energy of the mainplu nger by su pplem enti n g the auxiliary-plunger constructiondescribed in my aforesaid application with mechanical valve-operatingmeans whereby the pump will be practically noiseless in operation, maybe operated at increased speed without injury to the valves, and fromthe initial movement of the main plunger in either' direction willperform useful work.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a broken vertical sect-ion of awater-raising pump of approved pattern, showing the preferredarrangement of valves and my improvements in one practical form appliedthereto; Fig. 2, a horizontal section taken on irregular line 2 in Fig.1; Fig. 3, a sectional view of the eduction-valve shown in Fig. 1; Fig.4, a broken side elevation of a double pump of known construction withmy improvements applied; Fig. 5, a horizontal section taken on line 5 ofFig. 4; Fig. 6, a broken vertical and enlarged section taken on line 6of Fig. Ll, and Fig. 7 a detail top plan view of the upper mechanicalvalve-operatin g means shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6.

A is the pump-body containing the chamber, or, as it is commonly called,the cylinder A', B the suction air-chamber, and C the dischargeair-chamber. The piston or main plunger D works in a plungerguide D andis upon the end of a stem D2, which may be the stem of a steam-enginepiston, as shown in Figs. et and 5, wherein E is the casing of the steamchest and cylinder of an engine of the Corliss type. In a constructionwherein the pump is not actuated by an individual steam-engine, asherein illustrated, the stem D2 may be connected through a reciprocatingcross-head with a drive-shaft, or in the same way or otherwise with anysuitable driving mechanism.

The pump illustrated inFig. 1 is a single 'pump of the-differentialtype, and the pump- IOO body is provided at the cylinder A', in linewith the plunger D, with an opening t, closed by a removable cap F. Thisopening is necessary for the insertion of the main plunger. In a pump ofthis type,or in fact any type where practical, I prefer to provide anupwardly and inwardly opening or lifting induction-valve G, and anupwardly and outwardly lifting eduetion-valve II, closing, respectively,upon the seats s and o". The seat s is formed with an outer ring s',fitting and fastened in the suction-pipe B', anda spider s2, extendingfrom the center of which is a guide-pin 85. The valve G is formed on itsupper side with a central hollow tubular projection p, presenting anannular shoulder p', and threaded at its upper end to receive a nut p2.Surrounding` and sliding upon the tubular portion p is a loosebearing-piecep, held normally against the nut p2 by a spring p4, whichsurrounds said tubular portion and is confined between the shoulder p'and lthe bearing-piece. At the said tubular portion the Valve fitsloosely over the guide-pin s3.

The seat r of the eduction-valve H comprises an outer ring r', fastenedto the passage C, lleading from the cylinder A to the dischargeair-chamber C, and a spider r2, having a central tubular portion r3,extending above and below the radial arms of the spider. In the lowerpart of the tubular portion r3 is an enlarged chamber r4, and the outersurface of the said lower end portion affords a guide '1"5. Extendingupward from the enlarged or chamber portion r4 is aguideopening r6, andthe outer circumference of the tubular portion above the radial arms ofthe web affords a guide-surface o.

The valve II has a central upward-projecting cup portion n, which fitsover and slides upon the guide rl. Passing through an opening in the cupportion is a pin n', which extends downward through the guide-opening r6and chambered part r4, beyond the lower end of the tubular portion r3,carrying at its lower end a guide-cup n2, which slides upon theguide-surface 2"5. In the chamber r4 and confined between the upper endof the latter and the guide-cup n2 is a spring n3. On the upper end ofthe pin n is a nut or stop n4. The tendency of the spring vn3 is tocause the stop n4 to bear down upon the cup portion or top of the valveI-I and press the latter to its seat, as shown in Fig. I. Vhen, ashereinafter described, the pin is raised to the position shown in Fig.3, the valve may lift freely from its seat until the cup portion strikesthe stop n4, when further lifting will be against the resistance of thespring n3, which acts as a cushion to diminish the shock.

The cap F is provided on its inner side with upper and lower bearinglugs or ears m Z. Pivotally mounted upon the ear m is a swinging fingerm', preferably in the form of a bellcrank lever, adapted to engage theunder surface of the cup n2. Pivotally mounted upon the ear Zis aswinging finger Z, also in the form of a bell-crank lever, having abifurcated end portion Z2, adapted to straddle and clear the nut p2 andengage the bearing-piece p3 on opposite sides of the nut. In the centerof the cap F is a stuffing-box F-, through which works an auxiliaryplunger I. On the outer side of the cap F is a bracket F2, affording aguide-opening Zt for the stem I of the auxiliary plunger.

I2 is an operatin g-rod connected with a moving part of the pump orengine to be reciprocated longitudinally. The rod l2 at its end ispivotally connected to one end of a lever I3, pivoted between its endsat 7f3 upon the bracket F2. Beyond the pivot 7c the lever is preferablybifurcated to afford the forks h h, to which links 7?/ Zt' arepivot/ally connected, at one end. Fastened upon the stem I", between theguide-opening 7c in the bracket and the plunger I, arelaterally-extending arms h2, to the outer ends of which the links h arepivotally connected. The fingers or levers fm Z are in the path of theinner end of the auxiliary plunger I, whereby in its inward movement theplunger strikes the said lin gers or levers and turns the finger m inthe upward direction and the finger Z in the downward direction, causingthe finger m thus to engage and press the cup n2 and pin n upward,whereby the valve II is released from the pressure of the spring n3 andmay open freely, and the finger Z to engage and bear downward upon thebearing-piece p3 to press the valve G to its seat.

In Fig. 4 I have shown the rod I2 to be pivotally connected at itsforward end to the wrist-plate E of the Corliss cut-off shown. In thecase of a Meyers cut-off engine, the construction of which is wellknown, the rod I2 may be connected with either the eccentric whichoperates the main steam-valve or with the vcut-off eccentric. AI do notlimit my invention, however, to a connection of the auxiliary-plungeroperating-rod with any particular moving part either of the pump orengine or other driving mechanism which actuates the pump. It is usuallydesirable that the driving mechanism for the said rod shall be actuatedto move the auxiliary plunger I at the greatest speed when the mainplunger is at or near the end of its stroke and the gearing thereof isat or near what may be termed its dead-center7 or the limit of itstraverse in one direction. Thus I prefer, usually, to gear the rod I2 atan angle of about ninety degrees with relation to the main plunger,whereby as the main plunger nears the end of its stroke in the outwarddirection the auxiliary plunger I will be moved quickly inward to effectthe desired displacement and engage and move the fingers or levers Z mand whereby as the main plunger nears the end of its stroke in theinward direction the auxiliary plunger will be moved quickly outward toeffect the desired evacuation of pressure and release the fingers orlevers.

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As in my aforesaid application, the auxiliary plunger by its displacingaction may cause the Water in the cylinder A to exert suflicientpressure against the valves G H to close the former and open the latter,this pressure being independent of the pressure exerted by the mainplunger as it commences to move in the inward direction.

Owing to the fact that the stoppage of the main plunger at either end ofits stroke, particularly when running at high speed, is only momentaryit Would be a physical impossibility to produce full movement of theinduction and eduction valves during that period. The best results,namely, those of preventing shock upon the valves and material waste ofenergy on the part of the main plunger, are obtained by lirstneutralizing the fluid-pressure from the cylinder against the valve andthen quickly closing the valves While the main plunger is at or near theend of its stroke. There an auxiliary plunger alone is employed, itVmust, for example, in its inward plunge, as the main plunger is nearingthe end of its outward plunge, produce sufficient compression in thecylinder to overcome the then evacuating action of the main plunger, andalso produce sufficient pressure against the valves to actuate them,While on the other hand it is necessary to cause the auxiliary plungeras the main plunger nears theinward limit of its stroke to producesuiiicient evacuation or lowering of pressure in the cylinder toovercome the pressure produced by the main plunger and effect movementof the valves.

Where only mechanical closing means are employed to close the valves,such means must commence to operate to produce the aforesaid resultsbefore the main plunger reaches the end of its stroke. Consequently suchmechanism must, for a period at least, operate contrary to the force ofthe plunger to close the eduction-valve while the main plunger is movinginward and close the induction-valve while the plunger is movingoutward. The resistance against closing of the induction-valve, causedby the evacuat` ing action thereof While closing, must also be overcome.Bycombiningtheauxiliaryplunger and4 mechanical valve-operating means Iobtain better results in a marked degree than can be obtained by the useof either Without the other. Thus in operation I prefer to cause theauxiliary plunger to effect such displacement as will neutralize theevacuating action of the main plunger just before the latter reaches thelimit oi' its stroke in the outward direction, and in a measure,atleast,the evacuating action of the induction-valve while closing, and atthe same time engage the levers or lingers Z m to press theinduction-valve to its seat and remove the pressure of the spring fromthe eduction-valve, so that the same may open freely when the mainplunger starts in the inward direction. IVhile this necessarily producesa slight loss of energy or useful work of the main piston when it iscompleting its stroke, this loss of energy is very nut n4, under theaction of the spring n3, to

engage and close the valve, the speed of clos'- ing being controlled bythis return movement of the lever m. The evacuatingaction of theinduction-valve While closing would tend momentarily to resist or retardsuch closing movement very materially were this evacuation notneutralized in whole or in part by the displacing action of theauxiliary plunger, and the displacing action of the eduction-valve whileclosing would tend to retard its closing were it not for the evacuatingaction of the auxiliar 1 plunger. The engagement of the iinger or leverZ' is with the bearing-piece p3 and thus against the spring p4, wherebythe valve may oier a slightly yielding resistance to the action of thesaid finger or lever, and the cushioning effect thus produced tends tofurther limit the shock upon said valve, both in its closing and lifting movements. The construction of the induction and eduction valves,involving the springs and attendant parts, also obviates the necessityof a very exact adjustment of the plunge of the auxiliary plunger, asthe nger or lever Z may move slightly beyond the required point andcompress the spring p4 to a greater or less degree as the valve isseated, or in case a hard substance, like a pebble, should be caughtbetween the valve and seat the spring will yield under the pressure ofthe lever.

In Figs. 4t, 5, and G I have shown my improvements applied to adouble-acting pump of a certain largely-used construction Wherein it maynot be desirable or possible to utilize the existing opening for theinsertion of the main plunger as a guide for myauxiliary plunger.Furthermore, in a double pump of this class, particularly in thatcylinder which is nearest the engine, it may not be desirable toconstruct the eduction-valve as I have shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and forthis reason-I show an induction-valve G like the valve shown in Fig. land an eduction-valve K of similar construction, both having theircushioning-springs upon the upper side. In the Aside of the body portionof each pump I provide openings t2, one at the cylinder and the otherabove the eduction-valve. The upper opening is closed by means of a capL and the lower opening by means of a cap L'. Extending through astuffing-box in the cap L is an auxiliary plunger I, to all intents andpur- IOO poses like the auxiliary plunger described in connection withFig. l, and working through a stuffing-box in the cap L is a pin orplunger M of small diameter, for the reason that a displacing andevacuating action thereof is not essential. On a bracket or ear Z on theinner side of each cap L L is a nger or lever Z', constructed like thesame part illustrated in Fig. l.

In Fig. G I show each finger Z provided beyond its pivot with a weightZ3, which tends to maintain the active parts of the fingers raised. Thefinger Z in Fig. l may als'ovbe provided with such a weight to maintainit normally in the raised position shown. The operating-rod I2 connectsat the first pump with the outer end of a crank g upon a verticalrock-shaft g', j ournaled at its upper and lower end portions inbrackets L2 on the caps L L. Fixed to the rock-shaft g at the upper andlower surfaces of the brackets L2 are cranks g2, which at their outerends carry pivotal links g3, pivotally connected at their opposite endsto arms g4, fastened to the pin M and plunger I, respectively. At thesecond pump is a similar vert-ical rock-shaft with cranks and links, thecrank g thereon being pivotally connected through the medium of atie-rod g5 with the above-described crank g. Necessarily the two lowercranks g2 extend in a direction more orless at angles to the two uppercranks g2. In the reciprocation of the rod l2 the first shaft g isrocked, and through the tie-rod g5 rocks the second shaft g. Theconstruction is such that in the movement of the first rockshaft g inone direction it moves the pin M inward and the plunger I outward to thepositions shown in Fig. 6 and at the same time moves the correspondingparts in the second pump in the contrary directions. In the out-wardmovement of each auxiliary plunger I it causes the iinger or le ver Z'to release its pressure upon the valve G, while the evacuating action ofsaid auxiliary plunger tends to lift the valve. In its rise thebearing-piece@3 in the construction shown engages the lever or iinger Zand the shock of its rise is thus cushioned. The same effect is producedwith regard to the valve K in the movement of the pin M in the outwarddirection, when the auxiliary plunger I during its inward movement andconsequent compressing action tends to lift the valve K.

In the inward movement of the plunger I or pin M the respective finger Zengages the bearing-piece and moves the valve to its seat, thecushioning action being the same as described in connection With thevalve Gr of Fig. l. The gearing of the valve-closing mechanism in. thedouble pump should be the same with relation to the main plunger asdescribed in connection with the differential pump, and theoperationswill be the same.

Vhile the mechanical eduction-valve-closing means shown in Fig. 6differs in construction from that shown in Fig. l, its operation iueffect is the same, because in each case the movement of the lever orfinger in one direction frees the valve, so that it may lift withoutresistance, and in its movement in the opposite direction it causes thevalve to be closed by mechanical pressure.

In a .double-pump construction wherein each pump is provided With aseparate main plunger, as shown in Fig. l, the valve-closing mechanismsmay be introduced through the cap of the opening already provided forthe insertion of the main plunger, and my invention contemplates theinsertion of the valve-closing mechanisms either through the capsusually provided,as described,or through separate openings and capsexpressly provided. Where itis possible to do so, it is usuallypreferable to insert the mechanisms through the cap of the opening,which is always provided, and thus save the expense which additionalopenings and caps necessitate.

While I prefer to employ the mechanical closing means at both theinduction and eduction valves, its application to either valve alonewould improve the action of such valve and be within my invention.

It is to be understood that I do not limit my invention to pumps of anyparticular type or class, and While I prefer to construct myimprovements throughout as shown and described they may be modified inthe matter of details of construction and operation without departingfrom the spirit of my invention as defined by the claims.

Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure b y Letters Patent, is-

l. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided with an eduction-valve andan inwardly-lif ting induction-valve, a main plunger and drivingmechanism', an auxiliary plunger effective in the same cylinder andactuated from the driving mechanism, to alternately increase anddiminish the fluidpressure in the cylinder, while the main plunger istoward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combination withmechanical valve-moving means forvthe said induction valve operativelyconnected With the driving mechanism and acting with the said auxiliaryplunger in the direction of eifecting closing movement of saidinduction-valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided with an induction-valve andan outwardly-lifting eduction-valve, a main plunger and drivingmechanism, an auxiliary plunger effective in the same cylinder andactuated from the driving mechanism, to alternately increase anddiminish the fluid-pressure in the cylinder, while the main plunger istoward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combination withmechanical valvemoving means for the said eduction-valve operativelyconnected with the driving mechanism and acting with the said auxiliaryplunger in the di- IOO IIO

:rection of effecting closing movement of said eduction-valve,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided with an inwardly-liftinginductionvalve and an outwardly lifting eductionvalve,a main plunger anddriving mechanism, an auxiliary plunger effective lin the same cylinderand actuated from the driving mechanism, to alternately increase anddiminish the fluid-pressure in the cylinder, while the main plunger istoward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combination withmechanical valve-moving means operatively connected with the drivingmechanism and acting with the said auxiliary plunger in the direction ofeffecting closing movement of said valves alternately, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

4. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided with an eduction valve andan inwardly-liftin g induction-valve, a main plunger and drivingmechanism, an auxiliary plunger effective in the same cylinder andactuated from the driving mechanism, to alternately increase anddiminish the fluid-pressure in the cylinder, while the main plunger istoward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combination with yieldingmechanical valve-moving means for the said 'inductionvalve operativelyconnected with the driving mechanism and acting with the said auxiliaryplunger in the direction of effecting closing movement of saidinduction-valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided with an induction-valve andan outwardly-liftin g ed action-valve, a main plunger and drivingmechanism, an auxiliary plunger effective in the same cylinder andactuated from the driving mechanism, to alternately increase anddiminish the Huid-pressure in the cylinder, while the main plunger istoward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combination with yieldingmechanical valvemoving means for the said eduction-valve operativelyconnected with the driving mechanism and acting with the said auxiliaryplunger in the direction of effecting closing movement of saideduction-valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided With an inwardly-liftinginductionvalve and an outwardly -lifting eductionvalve, a main plungerand driving mechanism, an auxiliary plunger effective in the samecylinder and actuated from the driving mechanism, to alternatelyincrease and diminish the fluid-pressure in the cylinder, while the mainplunger is toward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combinationwith yielding mechanical valve-moving means operatively connected withthe driving mechanism and acting with the said auxiliary plunger in thedirection of effecting closing movement of said valves alternately,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided with an inwardly-liftinginductionvalve and an outwardly -lifting eductionvalve, a main plungerand driving mechanism, an auxiliary plunger effective in the samecylinder and actuated from the driving mechanism, to alternatelyincrease and diminish the fluid-pressure in the cylinder, while the mainplunger is toward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combinationwith said valve- Operating lever mounted in the cylinder in the path ofthe auxiliary plunger, and to bring about closing movement of said valvein the movement of said auxiliary plunger in one direction,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber provided with an eduction valve andan inwardly-lifting induction-valve, a main plunger and drivingmechanism, an auxiliary plunger effective in the same cylinder andactuated from the driving mechanism, to alternately increase anddiminish the fluidpressure in the cylinder, while the main plunger istoward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combination with aninduction-valveclosing lever mounted in the cylinder in the path of theauxiliary plunger to be engaged thereby and bring about closing movementof said valve in the inward movement of said auxiliary plunger,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a pump, a cylinder or chamber pro. vided with an inwardly -liftinginductionvalve and an outwardly lifting eductionvalve,a main plunger anddriving mechanism, an auxiliary plunger eifective in the same cylinderand actuated from the driving mechanism, to alternately increase anddiminish the fluid-pressure in the cylinder, while the main plunger istoward the opposite limits of its traverse, in combination with avalve-engaging lever for each of said valves, mounted in the cylinder inthe path of said auxiliary plunger, and actuated thereby to effectclosing movement of said valves respectively in the inward and outwardmovement of the auxiliary plunger, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

JOHN STUMPF. In presence of- M. J. FROST, J. H. LEE.

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